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The Cultural Revolution (or People's Revolution) in Libya was a period of political and social change, radicalization, and oppression in Libya. It started with Gaddafi's declaration of a cultural revolution during a speech in Zuwara on 15 April 1973. This came after increasing tensions between Gaddafi and his colleagues in the Revolutionary Command Council (RCC) had led him to agree to step down. Gaddafi had told the RCC that he would announce his resignation to the people at the Zuwara speech, but he instead surprised them with his declaration of the Cultural Revolution. By the end of the Cultural Revolution period, Gaddafi was uncontested leader of Libya. The Cultural Revolution continued to at least September 1974, when the independence of action of the People's Committees was reduced by the national leadership in the Revolutionary Command Council. In a wider sense, it came to its conclusion in the establishment of Gaddafi's "state of the masses" ("''jamahiriya''") in 1977. The cultural revolution was presented by the Gaddafi as a period of democratization, of introduction of sharia law, and of spontaneous popular mobilization against five identified threats to the power of the people: Communism, conservatism, capitalism, atheism, and the Muslim Brotherhood. In practice the cultural revolution marked the beginning of the sidelining of other Libyan political and religious leaders and the concentration of power in Gaddafi's hands alone. The cultural revolution marked the beginning of the first wave of "green terror" against opponents of Gaddafi. ==Background== 1973 was the fourth year of power for the Revolutionary Command Council (RCC) which had overthrown the monarchy under Gaddafi's leadership and had created the Libyan Arab Republic. Although the coup had met with widespread public approval, the RCC members had limited education and no government experience. The country experienced mismanagement, confusion, disorder and economic difficulties, including widespread unemployment. Although he was the recognized leader of the ruling RCC, Gaddafi's difficult and petulant behaviour, widening ambition, increasing hubris, and increasingly authoritarian approach towards his colleagues had led to tensions which culminated in the RCC demanding his resignation. Gaddafi refused on the basis that the RCC (which had come to power, including Gaddafi, in a coup) had not been elected, and therefore it could not ask for or accept his resignation. When RCC members responded that Gaddafi was unelected with them, he agreed to make a speech in Zuwara announcing his resignation to the people, rather than the RCC. Instead he used the speech to declare the beginning of a Cultural Revolution, and used the rapid mass mobilization of his supporters to establish his uncontested leadership over the country. It was during the early stages of the cultural revolution that Libya led Arab nations in the 1973 oil crisis, as the first to impose an oil embargo on the USA. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cultural Revolution (Libya)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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